Classical Disordered Ground States: Super-Ideal Gases, and Stealth and Equi-Luminous Materials

摘要

Using a collective coordinate numerical optimization procedure, we constructground-state configurations of interacting particle systems in various spacedimensions so that the scattering of radiation exactly matches a prescribedpattern for a set of wave vectors. We show that the constructed ground statesare, counterintuitively, disordered (i.e., possess no long-range order) in theinfinite-volume limit. We focus on three classes of configurations with uniqueradiation scattering characteristics: (i)``stealth'' materials, which aretransparent to incident radiation at certain wavelengths; (ii)``super-ideal''gases, which scatter radiation identically to that of an ensemble of ideal gasconfigurations for a selected set of wave vectors; and (iii)``equi-luminous''materials, which scatter radiation equally intensely for a selected set of wavevectors. We find that ground-state configurations have an increased tendency tocontain clusters of particles as one increases the prescribed luminosity.Limitations and consequences of this procedure are detailed.